技术开发 频道

微软MVC框架实战:开源的JS库Knockout

  

  Knockout映射插件

  上例中,我们采取的是自定义创建View Model的方式。另一种方式是采用Knockout映射插件,选择合适的映射规则,直截了将JavaScript对象与View Model绑定。

  编辑,更新与删除Template Items

  完整的页面Knockout View Model包含有line item的编辑,更新,删除。

<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

var viewModel
= {

LineItems: ko.observableArray(),
MessageBox: ko.observable(),
AddNewLineItem: ko.observable(
false),

SetBackgroundColor:
function (currentLineItemData) {
var rowIndex
= this.LineItems.indexOf(currentLineItemData);
var colorCode
= rowIndex % 2 == 0 ? "White" : "WhiteSmoke";
return colorCode;
},

EditLineItem:
function (currentLineItemData) {
var currentLineItem
= this.LineItems.indexOf(currentLineItemData);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].DisplayMode(
false);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].EditMode(
true);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].DisplayDeleteEditButtons(
false);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].DisplayCancelSaveButtons(
true);
},

DeleteLineItem:
function (currentLineItemData) {
var currentLineItem
= this.LineItems.indexOf(currentLineItemData);
var productName
= this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].ProductName();
var productID
= this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].ProductID();

ConfirmDeleteLineItem(productID, productName, currentLineItem);
},

DeleteLineItemConfirmed:
function (currentLineItem) {
var row
= this.LineItems()[currentLineItem];
this.LineItems.remove(row);
},

CancelLineItem:
function (currentLineItemData) {

currentLineItem
= this.LineItems.indexOf(currentLineItemData);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].DisplayMode(
true);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].EditMode(
false);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].DisplayDeleteEditButtons(
true);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].DisplayCancelSaveButtons(
false);

this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].Quantity(this.LineItems()
[currentLineItem].OriginalQuantity());
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].Discount(this.LineItems()
[currentLineItem].OriginalDiscount());
},

UpdateLineItem:
function (currentLineItemData) {

currentLineItem
= this.LineItems.indexOf(currentLineItemData);
var lineItem
= this.LineItems()[currentLineItem];
UpdateOrderDetail(lineItem, currentLineItem);
},

UpdateOrderDetailComplete:
function (currentLineItem, discount) {

this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].DisplayMode(
true);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].EditMode(
false);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].DisplayDeleteEditButtons(
true);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].DisplayCancelSaveButtons(
false);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].OriginalQuantity(this.LineItems()
[currentLineItem].Quantity());
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].OriginalDiscount(discount);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].Discount(discount);
}
}

 

选择一个line item,点击铅笔编辑图标,EditLineItem函数会触发onclick事件,line item处于编辑模式。如下:

 

EditLineItem: function (currentLineItemData) {

var currentLineItem
= this.LineItems.indexOf(currentLineItemData);

this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].DisplayMode(
false);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].EditMode(
true);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].DisplayDeleteEditButtons(
false);
this.LineItems()[currentLineItem].DisplayCancelSaveButtons(
true);

},

    借助Knockout模版与Knockout绑定技术,我们可以创建类似ASP.NET Web Forms DataGrid控件的完整in-line编辑grid。

       点击Add Line Item按钮,打开一个line item,可将一个item添加至order中。

使用modal popup窗口,可搜索一个Product Item。在一个新的line item上点击Search按钮,弹出product search 窗口。

       The Modal Popup Product Search 窗口

      Modal 弹出窗口是AJAX调用与Partial View的结合。AJAX 请求调用Product Inquiry partial view,返回product search的内容,最后填充至DIV标签。

<div id="dialog-modal" title="Product Inquiry">
<div id="ProductInquiryModalDiv"> </div>
</div>

 

       Modal 弹出窗口是一个具有dialog功能的JQuery插件。

 

 

function ShowProductInquiryModal() {

var url
= "/Products/BeginProductInquiry";

$.post(url,
null, function (html, textStatus) {
ShowProductInquiryModalComplete(html);
});

}

function ShowProductInquiryModalComplete(productInquiryHtml) {

$(
"#ProductInquiryModalDiv").html(productInquiryHtml);
$(
"#dialog-modal").dialog({
height:
500,
width:
900,
modal:
true
});
//
// execute Product Inquiry query after the initial page content has been loaded
//
setTimeout(
"ProductInquiryInitializeGrid()", 1000);

}

 

        Product Inquiry Search窗口 – UID生成机制

        Product Inquiry Search窗口本身是一个Partial View。由于该窗口与Order Order页面加载的DOM一样,因此所有的HTML控件与动态创建的JavaScript函数及变量均要求名字少有。在渲染页面内容之前,该Partial View实例化自定义的PageIDGeneration类,调用GenerateID方法,生成少有的控件ID,JavaScript函数名,以及变量名。PageIDGeneration类通过设置unique Guid数目,保证生成ID的唯一性。
 

@model NorthwindViewModel.ProductViewModel
@using NorthwindWebApplication.Helpers;
@{

NorthwindWebControls.PageIDGeneration webControls
=
new NorthwindWebControls.PageIDGeneration();

string txtProductID = webControls.GenerateID("ProductID");
string txtProductDescription = webControls.GenerateID("ProductName");
string btnSearch = webControls.GenerateID("BtnSearch");
string btnReset = webControls.GenerateID("BtnReset");
string messageBox = webControls.GenerateID("MessageBox");
string productResults = webControls.GenerateID("ProductResults");

}

<div class="SearchBar">
<div style="float:left; width:200px">
Product ID
</div>
<div style="float:left; width:200px">
Product Description
</div>
<div style="clear:both;"></div>
<div style="float:left; width:200px">
<input id="@txtProductID" type="text" value="" style = "width:150px" />
</div>
<div style="float:left; width:200px ">
<input id="@txtProductDescription" type="text" value="" style = "width:150px" />
</div>
<input id="@btnSearch" type="button" value="Search" />
<input id="@btnReset" type="button" value="Reset"/>
</div>
<div style="clear:both;"></div>
<div id="@productResults"></div>
<div id="@messageBox"></div>

@Html.RenderJavascript(webControls.RenderJavascriptVariables(
"ProductInquiry_"))

<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

$(ProductInquiry_BtnSearch).click(
function() {
ProductInquiryInitializeGrid();
});

$(ProductInquiry_BtnReset).click(
function() {
$(ProductInquiry_ProductID).val(
"");
$(ProductInquiry_ProductName).val(
"");
ProductInquiryInitializeGrid();
});

function ProductInquiryRequest() {
this.CurrentPageNumber;
this.PageSize;
this.ProductID;
this.ProductName;
this.SortDirection;
this.SortExpression;
this.PageID;
};

function ProductInquiry(currentPageNumber, sortExpression, sortDirection) {

var url
= "/Products/ProductInquiry";

var productInquiryRequest
= new ProductInquiryRequest();

productInquiryRequest.ProductID
= $(ProductInquiry_ProductID).val();
productInquiryRequest.ProductName
= $(ProductInquiry_ProductName).val();
productInquiryRequest.CurrentPageNumber
= currentPageNumber;
productInquiryRequest.SortDirection
= sortDirection;
productInquiryRequest.SortExpression
= sortExpression;
productInquiryRequest.PageSize
= 10;
productInquiryRequest.PageID
= $(ProductInquiry_PageID).val();

$.post(url, productInquiryRequest,
function (data, textStatus) {
ProductInquiryComplete(data);
});
};

function ProductInquiryComplete(result) {

if (result.ReturnStatus == true) {
$(ProductInquiry_ProductResults).html(
"");
$(ProductInquiry_ProductResults).html(result.ProductInquiryView);
$(ProductInquiry_MessageBox).html(
"");
}
else {
$(ProductInquiry_MessageBox).html(result.MessageBoxView);
}

}

function ProductInquiryInitializeGrid() {
ProductInquiry(
1, "ProductName", "ASC");
}

function ProductSelected(productID) {
GetProductInformation(productID);
}

</script>




 

 总结

  ASP.NET MVC是一个适用于大型Web应用开发的日益成熟的Web框架。MVC的架构思想是注重分离,对于具有Trial、Error、Discovery的Web应用开发而言,MVC的学习曲线就显得与众不同。MVC与我们过去一直使用的ASP.NET Web Forms技术与Web Form post-back model技术完全不同。在未来,MVC开发者需要更加注重新兴框架与开源库,增强型MVC的开发。

  本文重点关注的是开源JavaScript库Knockout与JQuery,以及用于交换视图与控制器数据的JSON。建议MVC开发者也多多关注其它的开发工具与框架,特别是Backbone与JavaScriptMVC。作为比较,后续的文章将会在示例程序Northwind中引入Backbone与JavaScriptMVC。

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