技术开发 频道

Android开发中Dialog对话框的使用

  【IT168技术】Dialog是android开发过程中最常用到的组件之一,它包括以下几种类型:

  警告对话框:Alertialog

  进度对话框:ProgressDialog

  日期选择对话框:DatePickerDialog

  时间选择对话框:TimePickerDialog

  自定义对话框:从Dialog继承

  Dialog的创建方式有两种:

  一是直接new一个Dialog对象,然后调用Dialog对象的show和dismiss方法来控制对话框的显示和隐藏。

  二是在Activity的onCreateDialog(int id)方法中创建Dialog对象并返回,然后调用Activty的showDialog(int id)和dismissDialog(int id)来显示和隐藏对话框。

  区别在于通过第二种方式创建的对话框会继承Activity的属性,比如获得Activity的menu事件等。

  使用AlertDialog可以创建普通对话框、带列表的对话框以及带单选按钮和多选按钮的对话框。

  普通对话框

  效果如下:

  代码:


    
//创建builder
                AlertDialog.Builder builder
= new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogSampleActivity.this);
                builder.setTitle(
"普通对话框")    //标题
                    .setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)    
//icon
                    .setCancelable(
false)    //不响应back按钮
                    .setMessage(
"这是一个普通对话框")    //对话框显示内容
                  
//设置按钮
                    .setPositiveButton(
"确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
"点击了确定按钮", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    })
                    .setNeutralButton(
"中立", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {                        
                        @Override
                        
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
"点击了中立按钮", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    })
                    .setNegativeButton(
"取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {                    
                        @Override
                        
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
"点击了取消按钮", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    });
                
//创建Dialog对象
                AlertDialog dlg
= builder.create();
                return dlg;

  带列表的对话框

  效果图:

  代码:

 final CharSequence[] items = { "Item1", "Item2", "Item3" };
            
// 创建builder
            AlertDialog.Builder builder
= new AlertDialog.Builder(
                    DialogSampleActivity.this);
            builder.setTitle(
"列表对话框") // 标题
                    .setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
// icon
                    .setCancelable(
false) // 不响应back按钮
                    .setItems(items,
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                    
"选择了" + items[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                    .show();
                        }
                    });
            
// 创建Dialog对象
            AlertDialog dlg
= builder.create();
            return dlg;

  带单选按钮的列表对话框

  只需将setItems替换为:

.setSingleChoiceItems(items, -1, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                    
"选择了" + items[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                    .show();
                        }
                    });

  这里多了一个参数-1,代表默认选中第几项,-1表示默认不选中

  带复选框的列表对话框

  只需将setItems替换为:


.setMultiChoiceItems(items, checked,
new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {        
                        @Override
                        
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                    
"选择了" + items[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                    .show();
                        }
                    });

  参数checked伟boolean数组,表示默认哪些复选框是被选中的。

  另外,如果你想要获取list中哪些项是被选中的,你需要:

//获得ListView
ListView list
= dlg.getListView();
//判断第i项是否被选中,为真表示被选中,为假表示没有选中
list.getCheckedItemPositions().get(i)

  日期选择对话框

  效果图:

  代码:

Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
            DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener dateListener
=  
                
new DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener() {  
                    @Override  
                    
public void onDateSet(DatePicker datePicker,  
                            
int year, int month, int dayOfMonth) {  
                        Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                
year + "" + (month+1) + "" + dayOfMonth + "", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                .show();  
                    }
                };  
            DatePickerDialog dlg
= new DatePickerDialog(
                    DialogSampleActivity.this,
                    dateListener,
                    calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR),
                    calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH),
                    calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
            return dlg;

 

  时间选择对话框

  效果图:

  代码:

 Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
            TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener timeListener
=  
                
new TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener() {

                    @Override
                    
public void onTimeSet(TimePicker timePicker, int hourOfDay, int minute) {
                        Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                hourOfDay
+ ":" + minute, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
                    }  
                  
                };  
            TimePickerDialog dlg
= new TimePickerDialog(
                    DialogSampleActivity.this,
                    timeListener,
                    calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY),
                    calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE),
                    
true);
            return dlg;

 

  自定义对话框

  效果图:

  步骤:

  1、创建对话框的布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android
="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      android:layout_width
="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height
="wrap_content">
      
<!-- 标题栏 -->
      
<LinearLayout
          android:id
="@+id/dlg_priority_titlebar"
          android:orientation
="horizontal"
          android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
          android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
          android:layout_alignParentTop
="true">
          
<ImageView
            android:src
="@drawable/star_gray"
            android:layout_width
="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
            android:layout_margin
="5dip"/>
        
<TextView
            android:layout_width
="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
            android:text
="选择任务优先级"
            android:layout_gravity
="center_vertical"/>
      
</LinearLayout>
      
<!-- 任务优先级 -->
      
<ListView
          android:id
="@+id/dlg_priority_lvw"
          android:layout_width
="wrap_content"
          android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
          android:layout_below
="@id/dlg_priority_titlebar"
          android:background
="@drawable/layout_home_bg">
      
</ListView>    
</RelativeLayout>

  2、因为该布局中使用了自定义的ListView,所以再为ListView创建布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:orientation="horizontal"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    >    <ImageView          android:id="@+id/list_priority_img"          android:layout_width="wrap_content"          android:layout_height="wrap_content"          android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"          android:layout_margin="5dip"                  />    <TextView         android:id="@+id/list_priority_value"         android:layout_width="wrap_content"         android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"         android:textSize="28dip"         android:textColor="@drawable/black"/></LinearLayout>
 

  3、创建自定义Dialog类PriorityDlg继承自Dialog

public class PriorityDlg extends Dialog {
    
    
private Context context;
    
private ListView dlg_priority_lvw = null;

    
public PriorityDlg(Context context) {
        super(context);
        this.context
= context;
        
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    
    
public PriorityDlg(Context context, int theme) {
        super(context, theme);
        this.context
= context;
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
      
//设置对话框使用的布局文件
        this.setContentView(R.layout.dlg_priority);

        dlg_priority_lvw
= (ListView) findViewById(R.id.dlg_priority_lvw);

        
// 设置ListView的数据源
        SimpleAdapter adapter
= new SimpleAdapter(context, getPriorityList(),
                R.layout.lvw_priority,
new String[] { "list_priority_img",
                        
"list_priority_value" }, new int[] {
                        R.id.list_priority_img, R.id.list_priority_value });
        dlg_priority_lvw.setAdapter(adapter);

        
// 为ListView设置监听器
        dlg_priority_lvw
                .setOnItemClickListener(
new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {

                    @Override
                    
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1,
                            
int arg2, long arg3) {

                    }
                });
    }

    
/**
    
* 得到ListView数据源
    
*
    
* @return
    
*/
    
private List<HashMap<String, Object>> getPriorityList() {
        List
<HashMap<String, Object>> priorityList = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>>();
        HashMap
<String, Object> map1 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map1.put(
"list_priority_img", R.drawable.priority_not_important);
        map1.put(
"list_priority_value", context.getResources().getString(
                R.string.dlg_priority_not_important));
        priorityList.add(map1);
        HashMap
<String, Object> map2 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map2.put(
"list_priority_img", R.drawable.priority_general);
        map2.put(
"list_priority_value", context.getResources().getString(
                R.string.dlg_priority_general));
        priorityList.add(map2);
        HashMap
<String, Object> map3 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map3.put(
"list_priority_img", R.drawable.priority_important);
        map3.put(
"list_priority_value", context.getResources().getString(
                R.string.dlg_priority_important));
        priorityList.add(map3);
        HashMap
<String, Object> map4 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map4.put(
"list_priority_img", R.drawable.priority_very_important);
        map4.put(
"list_priority_value", context.getResources().getString(
                R.string.dlg_priority_very_important));
        priorityList.add(map4);

        return priorityList;
    }

}

  4、创建自定义对话框

PriorityDlg dlg = new PriorityDlg(SimpleTaskActivity.this, R.style.dlg_priority);
return dlg;

  这里的R.style.dlg_priority设置了对话框使用的样式文件,只是让对话框去掉标题栏,当然你也可以通过代码来完成这种效果:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><resources>    <!-- 对话框样式 -->    <style name="dlg_priority" parent="@android:Theme.Dialog">        <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item>    </style></resources>
  

  到这里自定义对话框的创建就结束了,想要什么样子的对话框完全凭你自己的想像。

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