Android界面设计基础：控件焦点4个步骤-技术开发专区

Android界面设计基础：控件焦点4个步骤

作者：廖煜嵘编辑：景保玉 2011-10-31 00:05 IT168网站原创

　　步骤3 创建自定义的控件焦点顺序

　　下面，我们尝试创建自定义的控件焦点顺序，即同时允许在上面的界面中，当用户按键时，以顺时针或逆时针进行控件切换，如下图：

步骤1 定义界面布局

　　也就是说，允许用户当按“Down”或“Right”键时，切换顺序是顺时针方向，比如假设当前在键12上，按“Down”或“Right”键时，会切换到键1，而按“Up”或”Left”时，会切换到键11，如此类推。要实现这点，可以在每个按钮中进行设置如下四个属性：

　　android:nextFocusUp- 定义当点up键时，哪个控件将获得焦点

　　android:nextFocusDown-定义当点down键时，哪个控件将获得焦点

　　android:nextFocusLeft-定义当点left键时，哪个控件将获得焦点

　　android:nextFocusRight--定义当点right键时，哪个控件将获得焦点

　　下面是其代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    <Button
        style="@style/clockFaceNum"
        android:text="12"
        android:id="@+id/button12"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:nextFocusUp="@+id/button11"
        android:nextFocusLeft="@+id/button11"
        android:nextFocusRight="@+id/button1"
        android:nextFocusDown="@+id/button1">
    </Button>
    <Button
        style="@style/clockFaceNum"
        android:text="11"
        android:id="@+id/button11"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button12"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/button12"
        android:nextFocusUp="@+id/button10"
        android:nextFocusLeft="@+id/button10"
        android:nextFocusRight="@+id/button12"
        android:nextFocusDown="@+id/button12">
    </Button>
    <Button
        style="@style/clockFaceNum"
        android:text="1"
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button12"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button12"
        android:nextFocusUp="@+id/button12"
        android:nextFocusLeft="@+id/button12"
        android:nextFocusRight="@+id/button2"
        android:nextFocusDown="@+id/button2">
    </Button>
    <Button
        style="@style/clockFaceNum"
        android:text="10"
        android:id="@+id/button10"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button11"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/button11"
        android:nextFocusUp="@+id/button9"
        android:nextFocusLeft="@+id/button9"
        android:nextFocusRight="@+id/button11"
        android:nextFocusDown="@+id/button11">
    </Button>
    <Button
        style="@style/clockFaceNum"
        android:text="2"
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button1"
        android:nextFocusUp="@+id/button1"
        android:nextFocusLeft="@+id/button1"
        android:nextFocusRight="@+id/button3"
        android:nextFocusDown="@+id/button3">
    </Button>
    <Button
        style="@style/clockFaceNum"
        android:text="9"
        android:id="@+id/button9"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button10"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/button10"
        android:nextFocusUp="@+id/button8"
        android:nextFocusLeft="@+id/button8"
        android:nextFocusRight="@+id/button10"
        android:nextFocusDown="@+id/button10">
    </Button>

    <Button
        style="@style/clockFaceNum"
        android:text="3"
        android:id="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button2"
        android:nextFocusUp="@+id/button2"
        android:nextFocusLeft="@+id/button2"
        android:nextFocusRight="@+id/button4"
        android:nextFocusDown="@+id/button4">
    </Button>
    <Button
        style="@style/clockFaceNum"
        android:text="8"
        android:id="@+id/button8"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button9"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button9"
        android:nextFocusUp="@+id/button7"
        android:nextFocusLeft="@+id/button7"
        android:nextFocusRight="@+id/button9"
        android:nextFocusDown="@+id/button9">
    </Button>
    <Button
        style="@style/clockFaceNum"
        android:text="4"
        android:id="@+id/button4"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/button3"
        android:nextFocusUp="@+id/button3"
        android:nextFocusLeft="@+id/button3"
        android:nextFocusRight="@+id/button5"
        android:nextFocusDown="@+id/button5">
    </Button>
    <Button
        style="@style/clockFaceNum"
        android:text="7"
        android:id="@+id/button7"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button8"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button8"
        android:nextFocusUp="@+id/button6"
        android:nextFocusLeft="@+id/button6"
        android:nextFocusRight="@+id/button8"
        android:nextFocusDown="@+id/button8">
    </Button>
    <Button
        style="@style/clockFaceNum"
        android:text="5"
        android:id="@+id/button5"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button4"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/button4"
        android:nextFocusUp="@+id/button4"
        android:nextFocusLeft="@+id/button4"
        android:nextFocusRight="@+id/button6"
        android:nextFocusDown="@+id/button6">
    </Button>
    <Button
        style="@style/clockFaceNum"
        android:text="6"
        android:id="@+id/button6"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button5"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:nextFocusUp="@+id/button5"
        android:nextFocusLeft="@+id/button5"
        android:nextFocusRight="@+id/button7"
        android:nextFocusDown="@+id/button7">
    </Button>
</RelativeLayout>

　　下图中是假定在键12开始按down键时的焦点切换顺序：

步骤1 定义界面布局
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第1页：步骤1 定义界面布局第2页：步骤2 默认的控件焦点切换顺序第3页：步骤3 创建自定义的控件焦点顺序第4页：步骤4 设置界面的初始控件焦点

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