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SQL语句性能调整之ORACLE的执行计划

  对于RBO优化器

  在ORACLE文档上说:对于RBO来说,以from 子句中从右到左的顺序选择驱动表,即最右边的表为第一个驱动表,这是其英文原文:All things being equal RBO chooses the driving order by taking the tables in the FROM clause RIGHT to LEFT。不过,在我做的测试中,从来也没有验证过这种说法是正确的。我认为,即使在RBO中,也是有一套规则来决定使用哪种连接类型和哪个表作为驱动表,在选择时肯定会考虑当前索引的情况,还可能会考虑where 中的限制条件,但是肯定是与where中限制条件的位置无关。

  测试:

  如果我创建3个表:

  create table A(col1 number(4,0),col2 number(4,0), col4 char(30));

  create table B(col1 number(4,0),col3 number(4,0), name_b char(30));

  create table C(col2 number(4,0),col3 number(4,0), name_c char(30));

  create index inx_col12A on a(col1,col2);

  执行查询:

  select A.col4

  from B, A, C

  where B.col3 = 10

  and A.col1 = B.col1

  and A.col2 = C.col2

  and C.col3 = 5;

  Execution Plan

  ----------------------------------------------------------

  0 SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=RULE

  1 0 MERGE JOIN

  2 1 SORT (JOIN)

  3 2 NESTED LOOPS

  4 3 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'B'

  5 3 TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'A'

  6 5 INDEX (RANGE SCAN) OF 'INX_COL12A' (NON-UNIQUE)

  7 1 SORT (JOIN)

  8 7 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'C'

  select A.col4

  from B, A, C

  where A.col1 = B.col1

  and A.col2 = C.col2;

  Execution Plan

  ----------------------------------------------------------

  0 SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=RULE

  1 0 MERGE JOIN

  2 1 SORT (JOIN)

  3 2 NESTED LOOPS

  4 3 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'B'

  5 3 TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'A'

  6 5 INDEX (RANGE SCAN) OF 'INX_COL12A' (NON-UNIQUE)

  7 1 SORT (JOIN)

  8 7 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'C'

  将A表上的索引inx_col12A删除后:

  select A.col4

  from B, A, C

  where A.col1 = B.col1

  and A.col2 = C.col2;

  Execution Plan

  ----------------------------------------------------------

  0 SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=RULE

  1 0 MERGE JOIN

  2 1 SORT (JOIN)

  3 2 MERGE JOIN

  4 3 SORT (JOIN)

  5 4 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'C'

  6 3 SORT (JOIN)

  7 6 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'A'

  8 1 SORT (JOIN)

  9 8 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'B'

  通过上面的这些例子,使我对oracle文档上的” All things being equal RBO chooses the driving order by taking the tables in the FROM clause RIGHT to LEFT”这句话持怀疑态度。此时,我也不能使用hints来强制优化器使用nested loop,如果使用了hints,这样就自动使用CBO优化器,而不是RBO优化器了。

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