【IT168 技术文档】在很多时候，我们需要一个定时器，当间隔某段时间或者在某一个时刻的时候，触发某个业务的处理，这个时候，我们就可能需要引入Windows服务来做这个事情，如某些数据的同步操作、某些工作任务的创建或者侦听某些端口的工作等等。
做过Windows Forms开发的人，对开发Windows服务可能会熟悉一些，其实它本身应该算是一个Windows Forms程序。基本上整个Windows服务的程序分为几个部分：安装操作实现、程序启动、服务操作等。
本例子创建一个Windows服务，服务可以在整点运行，也可以在某段间隔时间运行，通过配置指定相关的参数。
完整的服务代码请下载文件进行学习：http://files.cnblogs.com/wuhuacong/AutoSyncService.rar
1.安装操作类的实现
首先需要继承System.Configuration.Install.Installer类，并且需要增加ServiceProcessInstaller、ServiceInstaller两个对象来处理，另外您需要重载BeforeUninstall 和 AfterInstall 来实现服务在安装前后的启动和停止操作。
Code
[RunInstaller(true)]
public class ListenInstaller : Installer
{
private System.ServiceProcess.ServiceProcessInstaller serviceProcessInstaller;
private System.ServiceProcess.ServiceInstaller serviceInstaller;
/// <summary>
/// 必需的设计器变量。
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
public ListenInstaller()
{
InitializeComponent();
//重新覆盖设计时赋予的服务名称
this.serviceInstaller.DisplayName = Constants.ServiceName;
this.serviceInstaller.ServiceName = Constants.ServiceName;
}
public override void Install(System.Collections.IDictionary stateSaver)
{
base.Install(stateSaver);
}
private void serviceInstaller_AfterInstall(object sender, InstallEventArgs e)
{
ServiceController service = new ServiceController(Constants.ServiceName);
if (service.Status != ServiceControllerStatus.Running)
{
try
{
service.Start();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
EventLog loger;
loger = new EventLog();
loger.Log = "Application";
loger.Source = Constants.ServiceName;
loger.WriteEntry(ex.Message + "\n" + ex.StackTrace, EventLogEntryType.Error);
}
}
}
private void serviceInstaller_BeforeUninstall(object sender, InstallEventArgs e)
{
ServiceController service = new ServiceController(Constants.ServiceName);
if (service.Status != ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped)
{
try
{
service.Stop();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
EventLog loger;
loger = new EventLog();
loger.Log = "Application";
loger.Source = Constants.ServiceName;
loger.WriteEntry(ex.Message + "\n" + ex.StackTrace, EventLogEntryType.Error);
}
}
}
...............
}
[RunInstaller(true)]
public class ListenInstaller : Installer
{
private System.ServiceProcess.ServiceProcessInstaller serviceProcessInstaller;
private System.ServiceProcess.ServiceInstaller serviceInstaller;
/// <summary>
/// 必需的设计器变量。
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
public ListenInstaller()
{
InitializeComponent();
//重新覆盖设计时赋予的服务名称
this.serviceInstaller.DisplayName = Constants.ServiceName;
this.serviceInstaller.ServiceName = Constants.ServiceName;
}
public override void Install(System.Collections.IDictionary stateSaver)
{
base.Install(stateSaver);
}
private void serviceInstaller_AfterInstall(object sender, InstallEventArgs e)
{
ServiceController service = new ServiceController(Constants.ServiceName);
if (service.Status != ServiceControllerStatus.Running)
{
try
{
service.Start();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
EventLog loger;
loger = new EventLog();
loger.Log = "Application";
loger.Source = Constants.ServiceName;
loger.WriteEntry(ex.Message + "\n" + ex.StackTrace, EventLogEntryType.Error);
}
}
}
private void serviceInstaller_BeforeUninstall(object sender, InstallEventArgs e)
{
ServiceController service = new ServiceController(Constants.ServiceName);
if (service.Status != ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped)
{
try
{
service.Stop();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
EventLog loger;
loger = new EventLog();
loger.Log = "Application";
loger.Source = Constants.ServiceName;
loger.WriteEntry(ex.Message + "\n" + ex.StackTrace, EventLogEntryType.Error);
}
}
}
...............
}
