技术开发 频道

Neo4j:使用Ruby实现社交网站好友推荐

        【IT168 技术】Neo4j是一个面向网络的数据库,即一个嵌入式的、基于磁盘的、具备完全的事务特性的Java持久化引擎,但是它将结构化数据存储在网络上而不是表中。Neo4j也可以被看作是一个高性能的图引擎,该引擎具有成熟数据库的所有特性。程序员工作在一个面向对象的、灵活的网络结构下而不是严格、静态的表中——但是他们可以享受到具备完全的事务特性、企业级的数据库的所有好处。

  Neo4j因其嵌入式、高性能、轻量级等优势,越来越受到关注。今天将为大家介绍如何开始学习Neo4j和Ruby,当然这是非常简单的开始。按照下面的步骤进行,你将在很短的时间内学会Neo4j。

  首先,需要安装neography gem:

  使用Bundler工具,代码如下:

echo "source 'http://rubygems.org'
gem 'neography' " > Gemfile
bundle install

  不使用Bundler工具,代码如下:

  gem install neography

  然后,将任务添加到Rakefile里,下载Neo4j并启动:

echo "require 'neography/tasks'" >> Rakefile
rake neo4j:install
rake neo4j:start

  图形数据库应用

  比如,在社交网站上好友推荐就是个不错的应用,代码如下:

require 'rubygems'
require 'neography'

@neo
= Neography::Rest.new

def create_person(name)
  @neo.create_node(
"name" => name)
end

def make_mutual_friends(node1, node2)
  @neo.create_relationship(
"friends", node1, node2)
  @neo.create_relationship(
"friends", node2, node1)
end

def suggestions_for(node)
  @neo.traverse(node,
                
"nodes",
                {
"order" => "breadth first",
                
"uniqueness" => "node global",
                
"relationships" => {"type"=> "friends",
                                    
"direction" => "in"},
                
"return filter" => {"language" => "javascript",
                                    
"body" => "position.length() == 2;"},
                
"depth" => 2}).map{|n| n["data"]["name"]}.join(', ')
end

johnathan
= create_person('Johnathan')
mark      = create_person('Mark')
phil      = create_person('Phil')
mary      = create_person('Mary')
luke      = create_person('Luke')

make_mutual_friends(johnathan, mark)
make_mutual_friends(mark, mary)
make_mutual_friends(mark, phil)
make_mutual_friends(phil, mary)
make_mutual_friends(phil, luke)

puts
"Johnathan should become friends with #{suggestions_for(johnathan)}"

# RESULT
# Johnathan should become friends
with Mary, Phil

  我们将一步步的介绍以上代码:

  首先提取gems,得到Neography连接到Neo4j服务器的一个实例,代码如下:

require 'rubygems'
require 'neography'

@neo
= Neography::Rest.new

  然后编写函数,方便创建拥有name属性的节点,代码如下:

def create_person(name)
  @neo.create_node(
"name" => name)
end

  另外创建一个函数,将两个节点关联起来。

  在Neo4j中所有的关系都有方向,因此,在社交网站中如果两个人有共同的好友,就需要创建了两个关系——传入和传出,代码如下:

def make_mutual_friends(node1, node2)
  @neo.create_relationship(
"friends", node1, node2)
  @neo.create_relationship(
"friends", node2, node1)
end

  接下来是最有趣的部分,代码如何实现为你推荐好友的好友:

  将一个用户作为起点,沿着两个好友关系找到他们的好友并返回结果。

def suggestions_for(node)
  @neo.traverse(node,
                
"nodes",
                {
"order" => "breadth first",
                
"uniqueness" => "node global",
                
"relationships" => {"type"=> "friends",
                                    
"direction" => "in"},
                
"return filter" => {"language" => "javascript",
                                    
"body" => "position.length() == 2;"},
                
"depth" => 2}).map{|n| n["data"]["name"]}.join(', ')
end

  创建小规模的好友集合并将它们联系在一起,来进行此次测试:

johnathan = create_person('Johnathan')
mark      = create_person('Mark')
phil      = create_person('Phil')
mary      = create_person('Mary')
luke      = create_person('Luke')

make_mutual_friends(johnathan, mark)
make_mutual_friends(mark, mary)
make_mutual_friends(mark, phil)
make_mutual_friends(phil, mary)
make_mutual_friends(phil, luke)

puts
"Johnathan should become friends with #{suggestions_for(johnathan)}"

# RESULT
# Johnathan should become friends
with Mary, Phil

  这很简单吧?neography工作在Neo4j REST API的水平,但也提供了一个额外的层,涉及ruby的语法糖。

require 'rubygems'
require 'neography'

def create_person(name)
  Neography::Node.create(
"name" => name)
end

johnathan
= create_person('Johnathan')
mark      = create_person('Mark')
phil      = create_person('Phil')
mary      = create_person('Mary')
luke      = create_person('Luke')

johnathan.both(:friends)
<< mark
mark.both(:friends)
<< mary
mark.both(:friends)
<< phil
phil.both(:friends)
<< mary
phil.both(:friends)
<< luke

def suggestions_for(node)
  node.incoming(:friends).
       order(
"breadth first").
       uniqueness(
"node global").
      
filter("position.length() == 2;").
       depth(
2).
       map{|n| n.name }.join(
', ')
end
puts
"Johnathan should become friends with #{suggestions_for(johnathan)}"

# RESULT
# Johnathan should become friends
with Mary, Phil

  更多内容可以查看Neography Documentation

        英文原文:GETTING STARTED WITH RUBY AND NEO4J

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