【IT168 技术文档】页面异常输入测试是系统测试的一个重要方面，但是因为比较繁杂，人工测试时往往难以完全覆盖，此时采用自动化测试，就有相当的优势了。
其中就包括很多异常输入测试点：
名称不能包含特殊字符，固定的电话格式，固定的手机格式，银行账号(必须全为数字)，付费号码长度限制，手机号码格式、长度限制，Email格式限制等
其实异常策略是有通用性的，现总结如下：
1.exp@@SpecialChar(e_chr) 包含特殊字符，e_chr为指定的特殊字符
2.exp@@StringLenMax(e_len) 字符串超过最大长度，e_len为最大长度值
3.exp@@StringLenMin(e_len) 字符串不足最小长度，e_len为最小长度值
4.exp@@String 字符串包含数字(要求全字符)
5.exp@@Num 字符串包含字符(要求全数字)
6.exp@@NumMax(e_max) 输入超过指定最大值，e_max，最大值
6.exp@@NumMin(e_min) 输入不足指定最大值，e_mmin，最小值
7.exp@@NumLenMax(e_len) 数值长度超限，e_len，长度最大值
8.exp@@NumLenMin(e_len) 数值长度不足，e_len，长度最小值
9.exp@@StringPre(e_pre) 字符串不为指定前缀，e_pre，前缀值
10.exp@@NumPre(e_pre) 数值不使用指定前缀，e_pre，前缀值
11.exp@@Email 数值不为标准Email格式
12.exp@@Need 必输入项，提供空字符串
具体实现上，在准备数据文件时，提供两种数据：
1. 每个字段的默认输入值，即正确值。也是自动化程序执行时默认输入的数据。
2. 异常值，针对每个字段，提供该字段可能需要的异常策略，对所有异常进行遍历。
第一行为默认值，第二行为字段对应的异常策略。
分三个函数来处理：
1. 执行函数
Public Sub excep_OpUser()
routingname = "企业用户输入-异常测试"
' 载入数据表数据的第2行
GE_SetCurRow OppDataFile,"企业用户",2
Dim objStr,oScript,i
set objStr = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
set oScript = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
‘ 根据数据表字段设置每个字段的QTP执行语句
for i = 1 to DataTable.GetSheet("UserData").GetParameterCount
if DataTable.GetSheet("UserData").GetParameter(i)="企业名称" Then _
objStr.add DataTable.value(i,"UserData"),".WebEdit("opername").set "
...
Next
‘ 调用异常数据生成函数，返回值保存在dictionary对象oScript中
Gen_excepData(objStr,oScript)
‘ 依次对含异常策略的字段进行异常测试
For i = 0 to oScript.Count-1
Call OpUserSet(1,oScript(i))
Next
set objStr = Nothing
set oScript = Nothing
End Sub
2. 异常数据生成函数
Public Function Gen_excepData(byval dObj,byRef oScript)
‘ 异常值，正确值，异常类型，异常参数
Dim errorValue,CorrectValue,expType,expPara
Dim objName,scriptstr
Dim i,j,expItem
expItem = 0 ‘ 记录异常数
Randomize
for i = 1 to DataTable.GetSheet("UserData").GetParameterCount
‘ 第一行数据为默认正确数值
CorrectValue = DataTable.GetSheet("UserData").GetParameter(i).ValueByRow(1)
datatable.SetCurrentRow 2
if Instr(Datatable.value(i,"UserData"),"exp@@")>0 Then
objName = dObj.Item(Datatable.value(i,"UserData"))
‘ 同一字段多种异常策略的处理
arr1 = split (Datatable.value(i,"UserData"),"|",-1,1)
For j = 0 to Ubound(arr1)
‘ 获取异常类型和异常参数
If RegExpTest("exp@@.{1,}\(.{1,}\)",arr1(j)) Then
exptype = Mid(arr1(j),6,InStr(arr1(j),"(")-6)
expPara = Mid(arr1(j),InStr(arr1(j),"(")+1,InStr(arr1(j),")")-InStr(arr1(j),"(")-1)
Else
expType = replace(arr1(j),"exp@@","")
End If
‘ 不同策略对应的数据生成
select Case expType
Case "SpecialChar"
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,Right(CorrectValue,1),"%")
scriptstr = objName + chr (34) + errorValue + chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,Right(CorrectValue,1),"'")
scriptstr = objName + chr (34) + errorValue + chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,Right(CorrectValue,1),"/")
scriptstr = objName + chr (34) + errorValue + chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,Right(CorrectValue,1),":")
scriptstr = objName + chr (34) + errorValue + chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,Right(CorrectValue,1),"*")
scriptstr = objName + chr (34) + errorValue + chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,Right(CorrectValue,1),"&")
scriptstr = objName + chr (34) + errorValue + chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,Right(CorrectValue,1),"?")
scriptstr = objName + chr (34) + errorValue + chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,Right(CorrectValue,1),"""")
scriptstr = objName + chr (34) + errorValue + chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,Right(CorrectValue,1),"<")
scriptstr = objName + chr (34) + errorValue + chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,Right(CorrectValue,1),">")
scriptstr = objName + chr (34) + errorValue + chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,Right(CorrectValue,1),"|")
scriptstr = objName + chr (34) + errorValue + chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,Right(CorrectValue,1),"(")
scriptstr = objName + chr (34) + errorValue + chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,Right(CorrectValue,1),")")
scriptstr = objName + chr (34) + errorValue + chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
Case "StringLenMax"
errorValue = CorrectValue
Dim n
For n = 1 to expPara+1-Len(CorrectValue)
errorValue = errorValue & chr(Int(26 * Rnd + 97))
Next
scriptstr = objName & chr(34) & errorValue & chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
Case "StringLenMin"
errorValue = Left(CorrectValue,expPara-1)
scriptstr = objName & chr(34) & errorValue & chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
Case "String"
errorValue = ""
Dim n
For n = 1 to Len(CorrectValue)
errorValue = errorValue & chr(Int(10 * Rnd + 48))
Next
scriptstr = objName & chr(34) & errorValue & chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
Case "Num"
errorValue = Left(CorrectValue,Len(CorrectValue)-1) & chr(Int(26 * Rnd + 97))
scriptstr = objName & chr(34) & errorValue & chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
Case "NumMax"
errorValue = expPara + 1
scriptstr = objName & chr(34) & errorValue & chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
Case "NumMin"
errorValue = expPara - 1
scriptstr = objName & chr(34) & errorValue & chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
Case "NumLenMax"
errorValue = CorrectValue
Dim n
For n = 1 to expPara+1-Len(CorrectValue)
errorValue = errorValue & chr(Int(10 * Rnd + 48))
Next
scriptstr = objName & chr(34) & errorValue & chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
Case "NumLenMin"
errorValue = Left(CorrectValue,expPara-1)
scriptstr = objName & chr(34) & errorValue & chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
Case "StringPre"
Dim n,tmpStr
tmpStr = ""
For n = 1 to Len(expPara)
tmpStr = tmpStr & chr(Int(26 * Rnd + 97))
Next
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,expPara,tmpStr)
scriptstr = objName & chr(34) & errorValue & chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
Case "NumPre"
Dim n,tmpStr
tmpStr = ""
For n = 1 to Len(expPara)
tmpStr = tmpStr & chr(Int(10 * Rnd + 48))
Next
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,expPara,tmpStr)
scriptstr = objName & chr(34) & errorValue & chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
Case "Email"
errorValue = Replace(CorrectValue,"@",chr(Int(26 * Rnd + 97)))
errorValue = Replace(errorValue,".",chr(Int(26 * Rnd + 97)))
scriptstr = objName & chr(34) & errorValue & chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
Case "Need"
errorValue = ""
scriptstr = objName & chr(34) & errorValue & chr(34)
expItem = expItem + 1
oScript.add "excepData" & expItem,scriptstr
End Select
Next
End If
Next
End Function
3. 页面输入函数
即相应的QTP录制执行脚本，输入默认正确数值后，将相应字段修改为异常数值后提交，再判断是否出现相应的异常提示。
(函数省略)
通过以上方法，可以完整覆盖页面输入的异常判断，减轻人工测试覆盖不足的问题。
