【IT168技术资讯】1.确保master和slave安装了相同的mysql版本
2.在master上创建复制使用的用户,并授予 replication slave权限
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.60.4' identified by 'hunter0';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
3.修改master上的my.cnf,开启binlog,并设置server-id
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
server-id=1
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
log-error = /var/lib/mysql/test2_mysqld.err
#log-bin
log-bin = /var/lib/mysql/test2_log-bin
#query-log
#log = /var/lib/mysql/query_log.log
#slow-query-log
log-slow-queries = /var/lib/mysql/slow_query_log.log
skip-innodb
...................
4.在master上设置读锁定有效
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
5.查看binlog和偏移量值,目的是为了使slave启动后,从这点开始数据恢复操作
mysql> show master status;
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| test2_log-bin.000002 | 311 | | |
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
6.停止master数据库,并将备份传到slave上(也可使用mysqldump等)
[root@test2 mysql]# mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown
Enter password:
STOPPING server from pid file /usr/local/mysql/data/test2.pid
080313 16:08:55 mysqld ended
[1]+ Done mysqld_safe --user=mysql
[root@test2 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@test2 mysql]# tar -cvf data.tar data
7.备份完后,恢复写操作
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
8.在slvae上将数据备份解压到相应的目录
[root@test1 mysql]# mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown
Enter password:
STOPPING server from pid file /usr/local/mysql/data/test1.pid
080229 02:26:53 mysqld ended
[1]+ Done ./mysqld_safe --user=mysql (wd: /usr/local/mysql/bin)
(wd now: /usr/local/mysql)
[root@test1 mysql]# tar -xvf data.tar
9.修改slave上的my.cnf,设置server-id(server-id是唯一的)
[mysqld]
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error = /var/lib/mysql/test1_mysqld.err
log-slow-queries = /var/lib/mysql/slow_query_log.log
log-bin = /var/lib/mysql/test1_log-bin
server-id=2
10.在slave上,使用--skip-slave-start启动mysql,这个参数据不用马上启动复制进程.这样方便我们下一步配置
[root@test1 mysql]# bin/mysqld_safe --skip-slave-start --user=mysql &
[1] 8185
[root@test1 mysql]# Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
11.对slave做相应的配置
mysql> show slave status;
Empty set (0.16 sec)
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='192.168.60.3',
-> master_port=3306,
-> master_user='repl',
-> master_password='hunter0',
-> master_log_file='test2_log-bin.000002',
-> master_log_pos=311 ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.60.3
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: test2_log-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 311
Relay_Log_File: test1-relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: test2_log-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: No ------注意还有启动slave
Slave_SQL_Running: No ------注意还有启动slave
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 311
Relay_Log_Space: 98
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
12.在slave上启动slave进程
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show warnings;
Empty set (0.02 sec)
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.60.3
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: test2_log-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Log_File: test1-relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 239
Relay_Master_Log_File: test2_log-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes ------可以看到启动了
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes ------可以看到启动了
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Log_Space: 239
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql> show processlist \G ;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Id: 1
User: root
Host: localhost
db: NULL
Command: Query
Time: 0
State: NULL
Info: show processlist
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Id: 2
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time: 29
State: Waiting for master to send event
Info: NULL
*************************** 3. row ***************************
Id: 3
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time: 18
State: Has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Info: NULL
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
13.检验复制
(1).在master上
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| pet |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table t1(id int,name char(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into t1 values(1,'yxyup');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
(2)在slave上查看
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| pet |
| t1 |
+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+-------+
| id | name |
+------+-------+
| 1 | yxyup |
+------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
复制指定的数据库
1.在master上操作
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> create table t1(id int,name char(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> create table t2(id int,name char(8));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
在slave上查看
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| pet |
| t1 |
| t2 |
+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2.设置复制指定数据库
在slave上的my.cnf中设置如下(加入replicate-do-db)
......
replicate-do-db=test
......
3.启动slave
[root@test1 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
[1] 8357
[root@test1 mysql]# Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
4.检验
(1).在master上
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> create table t3(id int,name char(8));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> create table t3(id int,name char(8));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| pet |
| t1 |
| t2 |
| t3 |
+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use dbatest;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table t11(id int,name char(8));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_dbatest |
+-------------------+
| t11 |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
(2)在slave上查看同一个数据库test
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| pet |
| t1 |
| t2 |
| t3 |
+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
(3)在slvae查看不同数据库dbatest(可以看到没有复制过来了)
mysql> use dbatest;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.01 sec)
参数说明
relay-log= /var/lib/mysql/test1-relay-bin -----设置中断日志存位置和中断日志名字
relay-log-purge=1 ----- 在不需要中继日志时禁用或启用自动清除。默认值是1(启用)。
