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分析MIDP 2.0中Alert的新特性

  【IT168 技术文档】Alert类继承自Screen,它的作用是通知用户发生异常信息。在高级用户界面API中有三个类是不能有父容器的,他们必须要占据屏幕,其中一个就是Alert,另外两个是List和TextBox。在MIDP1.0中,Alert的灵活性比较差,表示的信息比较死板。在MIDP2.0中添加了一个重要的特性就是能够在Alert上添加指示器,因此可以和Guage结合起来使用。

  和Alert结合使用的Guage有以下要求1.必须是非交互性的,2.不能同时在其他的容器内,3.Guage的label必须为null,4.Guage不能和Command和CommandListener关联。比如按照如下方式创建一个Guage实例

  int max = ... // maximum value

  int initial = ... // initial value

  Gauge gauge = new Gauge( null, false, max, initial );

  通过调用方法setIndicator()可以把Alert和Guage结合起来

  Alert a = new Alert( "My alert" );

  a.setIndicator( gauge );

  由于MIDP的用户界面类都是线程安全的,因此你可以在其他的线程内改变guage的值,Alert会自动的重新绘制屏幕来更新guage的当前值。

  在MIDP2.0中,我们可以显式的对Alert添加Command,当然如果你还要实现CommandListener的commandAction()方法来告诉系统当Command被按下的时候该做什么。在MIDP1.0中,有个默认的Command和Alert关联在一起的,如果我们在Alert中显式的添加了Command的话,那么这个默认的Command就被取代,如果添加的Command被删除,默认的Command会自动恢复和Alert的关联。如果我们在Alert上添加了两个以上的Command,那么它的Timeout会自动设置为FOREVER。

  下面的应用程序很好的说明了如何使用不同的Alert表示不同的信息  

  import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;   import javax.microedition.midlet.*;   // A simple MIDlet for testing various alerts.   public class AlertTest extends MIDlet implements CommandListener   {   // An abstract class for our alert tests.   public abstract class AlertRunner   {   protected static final int ONE_SECOND = 1000;   protected static final int FIVE_SECONDS = 5000;   public AlertRunner(String title)   {   _title = title;   }   public abstract Alert doAlert();   public String getTitle()   {   return _title;   }   public String toString()   {   return getTitle();   }   private String _title;   }   // An alert test for a simple timed alert.   public class TimedAlert extends AlertRunner   {   public TimedAlert(String title)   {   super(title);   }   public Alert doAlert()   {   Alert a = new Alert(getTitle());   a.setString("Times out after 5 seconds...");   a.setTimeout(FIVE_SECONDS);   showAlert(a);   return a;   }   }   // An alert test for a simple modal alert.   public class ModalAlert extends AlertRunner   {   public ModalAlert(String title)   {   super(title);   }   public Alert doAlert()   {   Alert a = new Alert(getTitle());   a.setString("Waits to be dismissed");   a.setTimeout(Alert.FOREVER);   showAlert(a);   return a;   }   }   // An alert test that displays an alert with   // a gauge whose value is increased every second.   // The alert can be dismissed only after the gauge   // reaches its maximum value.   public class ProgressAlert extends AlertRunner implements CommandListener,   Runnable   {   private static final int MAX = 10;   public ProgressAlert(String title)   {   super(title);   }   public Alert doAlert()   {   _gauge = new Gauge(null, false, MAX, 0);   _gauge.setValue(0);   _done = false;   _alert = new Alert(getTitle());   _alert.setString("Counts to " + MAX   + " and then lets you dismiss it");   _alert.setCommandListener(this);   _alert.setIndicator(_gauge);   // Set a _very_ long timeout   _alert.setTimeout(ONE_SECOND * 3600);   showAlert(_alert);   new Thread(this).start();   return _alert;   }   public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable d)   {   if (_done || _gauge.getValue() >= MAX)   {   showList();   }   }   private void done()   {   _alert.addCommand(new Command("Done", Command.OK, 1));   _done = true;   }   // A thread that bumps the value of the counter   // every second.   public void run()   {   int val = _gauge.getValue();   try   {   while (val < MAX)   {   Thread.sleep(ONE_SECOND);   _gauge.setValue(++val);   }   } catch (InterruptedException e)   {   }   done();   }   private Alert _alert;   private int _counter;   private boolean _done;   private Gauge _gauge;   }   // An alert test that displays a continuously   // running gauge before automatically timing out.   public class BusyAlert extends AlertRunner   {   public BusyAlert(String title)   {   super(title);   }   public Alert doAlert()   {   _gauge = new Gauge(null, false, Gauge.INDEFINITE,   Gauge.CONTINUOUS_RUNNING);   _alert = new Alert(getTitle());   _alert.setString("Runs for 5 seconds and "   + "times out automatically");   _alert.setIndicator(_gauge);   _alert.setTimeout(FIVE_SECONDS);   showAlert(_alert);   return _alert;   }   private Alert _alert;   private Gauge _gauge;   }   // Standard MIDlet code. Displays a list of   // available alert tests and runs the test once   // it's been chosen.   private Display display;   public static final Command exitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT,   1);   public AlertTest()   {   }   public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable d)   {   if (c == exitCommand)   {   exitMIDlet();   } else if (c == List.SELECT_COMMAND)   {   int index = _alertList.getSelectedIndex();   _alertRunners[index].doAlert();   }   }   protected void destroyApp(boolean unconditional)   throws MIDletStateChangeException   {   exitMIDlet();   }   public void exitMIDlet()   {   notifyDestroyed();   }   public Display getDisplay()   {   return display;   }   protected void initMIDlet()   {   // The list of alert tests....   _alertRunners = new AlertRunner[] { new TimedAlert("Timed alert"),   new ModalAlert("Modal alert"),   new ProgressAlert("Progress alert"),   new BusyAlert("Busy alert") };   _alertList = new List("Alert Testing", List.IMPLICIT);   _alertList.setCommandListener(this);   for (int i = 0; i < _alertRunners.length; ++i)   {   _alertList.append(_alertRunners[i].toString(), null);   }   showList();   }   protected void pauseApp()   {   }   private void showAlert(Alert a)   {   getDisplay().setCurrent(a, _alertList);   }   private void showList()   {   getDisplay().setCurrent(_alertList);   }   protected void startApp() throws MIDletStateChangeException   {   if (display == null)   {   display = Display.getDisplay(this);   initMIDlet();   }   }   private List _alertList;   private AlertRunner[] _alertRunners;   }
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