【IT168 技术文档】Alert类继承自Screen,它的作用是通知用户发生异常信息。在高级用户界面API中有三个类是不能有父容器的,他们必须要占据屏幕,其中一个就是Alert,另外两个是List和TextBox。在MIDP1.0中,Alert的灵活性比较差,表示的信息比较死板。在MIDP2.0中添加了一个重要的特性就是能够在Alert上添加指示器,因此可以和Guage结合起来使用。
和Alert结合使用的Guage有以下要求1.必须是非交互性的,2.不能同时在其他的容器内,3.Guage的label必须为null,4.Guage不能和Command和CommandListener关联。比如按照如下方式创建一个Guage实例
int max = ... // maximum value
int initial = ... // initial value
Gauge gauge = new Gauge( null, false, max, initial );
通过调用方法setIndicator()可以把Alert和Guage结合起来
Alert a = new Alert( "My alert" );
a.setIndicator( gauge );
由于MIDP的用户界面类都是线程安全的,因此你可以在其他的线程内改变guage的值,Alert会自动的重新绘制屏幕来更新guage的当前值。
在MIDP2.0中,我们可以显式的对Alert添加Command,当然如果你还要实现CommandListener的commandAction()方法来告诉系统当Command被按下的时候该做什么。在MIDP1.0中,有个默认的Command和Alert关联在一起的,如果我们在Alert中显式的添加了Command的话,那么这个默认的Command就被取代,如果添加的Command被删除,默认的Command会自动恢复和Alert的关联。如果我们在Alert上添加了两个以上的Command,那么它的Timeout会自动设置为FOREVER。
下面的应用程序很好的说明了如何使用不同的Alert表示不同的信息
import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; import javax.microedition.midlet.*; // A simple MIDlet for testing various alerts. public class AlertTest extends MIDlet implements CommandListener { // An abstract class for our alert tests. public abstract class AlertRunner { protected static final int ONE_SECOND = 1000; protected static final int FIVE_SECONDS = 5000; public AlertRunner(String title) { _title = title; } public abstract Alert doAlert(); public String getTitle() { return _title; } public String toString() { return getTitle(); } private String _title; } // An alert test for a simple timed alert. public class TimedAlert extends AlertRunner { public TimedAlert(String title) { super(title); } public Alert doAlert() { Alert a = new Alert(getTitle()); a.setString("Times out after 5 seconds..."); a.setTimeout(FIVE_SECONDS); showAlert(a); return a; } } // An alert test for a simple modal alert. public class ModalAlert extends AlertRunner { public ModalAlert(String title) { super(title); } public Alert doAlert() { Alert a = new Alert(getTitle()); a.setString("Waits to be dismissed"); a.setTimeout(Alert.FOREVER); showAlert(a); return a; } } // An alert test that displays an alert with // a gauge whose value is increased every second. // The alert can be dismissed only after the gauge // reaches its maximum value. public class ProgressAlert extends AlertRunner implements CommandListener, Runnable { private static final int MAX = 10; public ProgressAlert(String title) { super(title); } public Alert doAlert() { _gauge = new Gauge(null, false, MAX, 0); _gauge.setValue(0); _done = false; _alert = new Alert(getTitle()); _alert.setString("Counts to " + MAX + " and then lets you dismiss it"); _alert.setCommandListener(this); _alert.setIndicator(_gauge); // Set a _very_ long timeout _alert.setTimeout(ONE_SECOND * 3600); showAlert(_alert); new Thread(this).start(); return _alert; } public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable d) { if (_done || _gauge.getValue() >= MAX) { showList(); } } private void done() { _alert.addCommand(new Command("Done", Command.OK, 1)); _done = true; } // A thread that bumps the value of the counter // every second. public void run() { int val = _gauge.getValue(); try { while (val < MAX) { Thread.sleep(ONE_SECOND); _gauge.setValue(++val); } } catch (InterruptedException e) { } done(); } private Alert _alert; private int _counter; private boolean _done; private Gauge _gauge; } // An alert test that displays a continuously // running gauge before automatically timing out. public class BusyAlert extends AlertRunner { public BusyAlert(String title) { super(title); } public Alert doAlert() { _gauge = new Gauge(null, false, Gauge.INDEFINITE, Gauge.CONTINUOUS_RUNNING); _alert = new Alert(getTitle()); _alert.setString("Runs for 5 seconds and " + "times out automatically"); _alert.setIndicator(_gauge); _alert.setTimeout(FIVE_SECONDS); showAlert(_alert); return _alert; } private Alert _alert; private Gauge _gauge; } // Standard MIDlet code. Displays a list of // available alert tests and runs the test once // it's been chosen. private Display display; public static final Command exitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 1); public AlertTest() { } public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable d) { if (c == exitCommand) { exitMIDlet(); } else if (c == List.SELECT_COMMAND) { int index = _alertList.getSelectedIndex(); _alertRunners[index].doAlert(); } } protected void destroyApp(boolean unconditional) throws MIDletStateChangeException { exitMIDlet(); } public void exitMIDlet() { notifyDestroyed(); } public Display getDisplay() { return display; } protected void initMIDlet() { // The list of alert tests.... _alertRunners = new AlertRunner[] { new TimedAlert("Timed alert"), new ModalAlert("Modal alert"), new ProgressAlert("Progress alert"), new BusyAlert("Busy alert") }; _alertList = new List("Alert Testing", List.IMPLICIT); _alertList.setCommandListener(this); for (int i = 0; i < _alertRunners.length; ++i) { _alertList.append(_alertRunners[i].toString(), null); } showList(); } protected void pauseApp() { } private void showAlert(Alert a) { getDisplay().setCurrent(a, _alertList); } private void showList() { getDisplay().setCurrent(_alertList); } protected void startApp() throws MIDletStateChangeException { if (display == null) { display = Display.getDisplay(this); initMIDlet(); } } private List _alertList; private AlertRunner[] _alertRunners; }