一般的实现方法大家可能都很熟悉了;
1.传统观察者设计模式编写方法:
举例说明:
传统的观察者设计方法发布者和预定者的联系是硬编码在程序里面的。发布者类:Publisher.java import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; public class Publisher implements Subject { private List subs= new ArrayList(); private String msg; // this message is added so I can give // this class a reason to call notifyListener. public void setMessage(String message){ System.out.println("我是发布者,我说:" + message); this.messageText = message; this.notifyListeners(); } public void addListener(Subscriber o) { this.subs.add(o); } public void removeListener(Subscriber o) { if (this.subs.contains(o)){ this.subs.remove(o); } } // call the update method on // each Subscriber public void notifyListeners() { for (Iterator iter = subs.iterator(); iter.hasNext();) { Subscriber listener = (Subscriber ) iter.next(); listener.update(msg); } } } 预定者类:Subsriber1.java public class Subsriber1 implements Observer { public void update(String messageText) { System.out.println("我的名字是: " + this); System.out.println("我接收到消息: " + messageText); } 预定者类:Subsriber2.java public class Subsriber2 implements Observer { public void update(String messageText) { System.out.println("我的名字是: " + this); System.out.println("我接收到消息: " + messageText); } 如果按传统的观察者模式编写方法,如果要把发布者和预订者联系在一起的话;还需要有专门的处理类来负责添加这种联系。 例如: public class ExampleRun { public static void main(String[] args) { Publisher pub = new Publisher(); Subsriber1 sub1 = new Subsriber1(); Subsriber2 sub2 = new Subsriber2 (); pub.addListener(sub1); pub.addLstener(sub2); pub.setMessage("大家好啊");//广播消息 } }
2。采用spring进行优化
首先你肯定要熟悉spring的bean工厂配置原理。
bean工厂的xml配置文件如下:
原文地址<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans> <bean id="sub1" class="Subsriber1"/> <bean id="sub2" class="Subsriber2"/> <bean id="pub" class="Publisher"/> <bean id="bindPubAndSub" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.MethodInvokingFactoryBean"> <property name="targetObject"><ref local="pub"/></property> <property name="targetMethod"><value>addListener</value></property> <property name="arguments"> <list> <ref bean="sub1"/> <ref bean="sub2"/> </list> </property> </bean> </beans> 这里的关键是采用org.springframework.beans.factory.config.MethodInvokingFactoryBean工厂类;来动态 把sub1和sub2注入到pub当中。实现观察者的xml可配置化。 处理类如下: import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext; public class ExampleRun { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext( "/config/ObserverTest.xml"); Pub pub = (Publisher) ctx.getBean("pub"); pub.setMessage("大家好啊!!!"); } }