【IT168 技术文档】
轰的一声巨响,天上掉下神仙水一滴,化作一个冰封神剑,恭喜!恭喜啊在J2ME中,RMS作为唯一的永久性存储工具,其重要性是不言而喻的。但是很多刚刚开始学习J2ME的新人总是抱怨在这方面的资料很少,或者是针对性不强。因此,我想把自己在这方面的一些学习心得和大家交流一下。
RMS即Record Manager System,在手机应用中常常作为得分记录、游戏信息存储等的工具使用。
RMS的使用可以分为两个部分:一、单一记录的构造;二、RecordStore的使用和操作。下面就这两方面进行详细说明。
一、单一记录的构造。我们在存储记录时可能需要记录很多相似的条目,在这里我们可以把这种结构看成数据库,我们在这一步就是要构造数据库中的一行,即单一记录的构造。程序的源码如下:
这个类的使用保证了我们在使用流时,内容的写入和输出。当然,就如同数据库表的设计一样,我们可以任意对每一条记录增加或减少字段,在上面的类中我只使用了int1,int2,long1,str1,str2,str3和WroteFlag一共7个字段。package com.cuilichen.usual;
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import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;//要使用到的各种输入输出流
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
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public class Appointment ...{//单一记录的类名
private int int1; //
private int int2; //
private long long1;
private String str1; //str1作为保留字段,记录检索的关键字
private String str2; //
private String str3; //
private boolean WroteFlag; //
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public Appointment() ...{
}
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public Appointment(int _int1, int _int2, long _long1, String _str1,
String _str2, String _str3, boolean _WroteFlag) ...{
this.int1 = _int1; //写入RMS的构造函数
this.int2 = _int2;
this.long1 = _long1;
this.str1 = _str1;
this.str2 = _str2;
this.str3 = _str3;
this.WroteFlag = _WroteFlag;
}
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public Appointment(byte[] rec) ...{
initAppointmnet(rec); //读取RMS内容的构造函数
}
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public byte[] toBytes() ...{ //写成字节
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byte[] data = null;
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try ...{
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(baos);
dos.writeInt(int1);
dos.writeInt(int2);
dos.writeLong(long1);
dos.writeUTF(str1);
dos.writeUTF(str2);
dos.writeUTF(str3);
dos.writeBoolean(WroteFlag);
data = baos.toByteArray();
baos.close();
dos.close();
} catch (Exception e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return data;
}
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public void initAppointmnet(byte[] rec) ...{ //从字节读取内容
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ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(rec);
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(bais);
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try ...{
int1 = dis.readInt();
int2 = dis.readInt();
long1 = dis.readLong();
str1 = dis.readUTF();
str2 = dis.readUTF();
str3 = dis.readUTF();
WroteFlag = dis.readBoolean();
} catch (Exception e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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public int getInt1() ...{ //int
return int1;
}
public int getInt2() ...{
return int2;
}
public long getLong1() ...{
return long1;
}
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public String getStr1() ...{ //String
return str1;
}
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public String getStr2() ...{ //String
return str2;
}
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public String getStr3() ...{
return str3;
}
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public boolean getWroteFlag() ...{ //返回写入标志
return WroteFlag;
}
}
二、RecordStore的操作。类RMS如下:
在这个类中,我没有将各个Exception向外抛出,一般来说这样作是不合适的,它违背了Java的异常处理机制。但是在我使用这个类的各个J2ME程序中,它是可以胜任的,所以也就没有进行进一步的修改。package com.cuilichen.usual;
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import javax.microedition.rms.RecordEnumeration;
import javax.microedition.rms.RecordStore;
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public class RMS ...{
public static final int Int1 = 0;//各个字段的默认数值
public static final int Int2 = 0;
public static final long Long1 = 0;
public static final String Str1 = "";
public static final String Str2 = "";
public static final String Str3 = "";
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public static boolean addRecord(String name, int int1, int int2,//添加记录
long long1, String str1, String str2, String str3, boolean b) ...{
boolean success = false;
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try ...{
RecordStore rs = RecordStore.openRecordStore(name, true);
Appointment app = new Appointment(int1, int2, long1, str1, str2,str3, b);
//既然str1作为保留字段,我们在这里就要如此操作:例如int1为我们设定的关键字,那么str1 = Integer.toString(int1);
byte[] data = app.toBytes();
rs.addRecord(data, 0, data.length);
rs.closeRecordStore();
success = true;
} catch (Exception e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return success;
}
public static int getNumOfRecords(String name) ...{//得到RMS中记录的条数
try ...{
RecordStore rs = RecordStore.openRecordStore(name, true);
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return rs.getNumRecords();
} catch (Exception e) ...{
return 0;
}
}
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public static Appointment[] getRecords(String name) ...{//取得RMS中的所有记录
Appointment[] result = ...{ };
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try ...{
RecordStore rs = RecordStore.openRecordStore(name, false);
RecordEnumeration re = rs.enumerateRecords(null, null, false);
result = new Appointment[rs.getNumRecords()];
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for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) ...{
int j = re.previousRecordId();
Appointment app = new Appointment(rs.getRecord(j));
result = app;
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//System.out.println("app["+i+"] "+app.getStr2());
}
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rs.closeRecordStore();
} catch (Exception e) ...{
}
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return result;
}
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public static Appointment getRecord(String name, int j) ...{//根据记录编号(参数 int j)取得一条记录
Appointment result = new Appointment();
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try ...{
RecordStore rs = RecordStore.openRecordStore(name, false);
RecordEnumeration re = rs.enumerateRecords(null, null, false);
result = new Appointment(rs.getRecord(j));
rs.closeRecordStore();
} catch (Exception e) ...{
}
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return result;
}
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public static int getIndex(String name, String content) ...{//得到记录号int j,这里需要使用保留字段str1
RecordStore rs = null;
RecordEnumeration re = null;
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try ...{
rs = RecordStore.openRecordStore(name, false); //open
re = rs.enumerateRecords(null, null, false); //enumeration
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for (int i = 0; i < RMS.getNumOfRecords(name); i++) ...{
int j = re.nextRecordId();
Appointment app = new Appointment(rs.getRecord(j));
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if (app.getStr1().equals(content)) ...{
return j;
}
}
} catch (Exception e) ...{
}
return 1;
}
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public static boolean setRecord(String name, int id, int int1, int int2,//设置记录号为id的记录
long long1, String str1, String str2, String str3, boolean b) ...{
boolean success = false;
RecordStore rs = null;
RecordEnumeration re = null;
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try ...{
rs = RecordStore.openRecordStore(name, false); //open
re = rs.enumerateRecords(null, null, false); //enumeration
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Appointment app = new Appointment(int1, int2, long1, str1, str2, str3, b);
//str1作为保留字段,在这里如此操作:例如若int1为我们设定的关键字,那么str1 = Integer.toString(int1);
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byte[] data = app.toBytes();
rs.setRecord(id, data, 0, data.length);
success = true;
rs.closeRecordStore();
} catch (Exception e) ...{
}
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return success;
}
}
有了以上的两个类和你对RMS的理解,在程序中,你就可以顺畅的使用RMS了。
比如在MIDlet开始时,如下操作(增加记录):
protected void startApp() throws MIDletStateChangeException ...{
if (RMS.getNumOfRecords(rsName) = = 0) ...{//rsName在前面已经声明了。String rsName=“MyRMS”;
for (int i = 0; i <6; i++) ...{
RMS.addRecord(rsName, RMS.Int1, i, RMS.Long1, Integer . toString(i), RMS.Str2, "1234567890123456789",false);
}
}它就在RMS中增加了6条记录,其中int1,long1,str2,WroteFlag都没有使用,我们只是使用int2,str1(作为保留字段)和str3。
}
